Descendants of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders

First Generation

1. William the Conqueror King of England,¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ son of Robert II "The Magnificient" 6th Duke of Normandy and Herleva de Falaise, was born on 14 Oct 1024 in Falaise, Normandy, France ^{¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹} and died on 9 Sep 1087 in Hermentrube, Near Rouen, France ^{¹ ² ³ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹} at age 62. The cause of his death was Fatal fall from a horse. Other names for William were William I King of England, and William I.

General Notes: [G675.ged]

Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. Invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnel especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started the Domesday Book.

NOTES: William of the House of Normandy; The first Norman King; On 28 Sep 1066 William secured the sanction of Pope Alexander II for a Norman invasion of England. By 1070 the Norman conquest of England was complete. William introduced the Continental system of feudalism; by the Oath of Salisbury of 1086 all landlords swore allegiance to William, thus establishing the precedent that a vassal's loyalty to the king overrode his fealty to his immediate lord. During a campaign against King Philip I of France, William fell from a horse and was fatally injured. William was the illegitimate son of Robert I, duke of Normandy and Arletta, a tanner's daughter. He is sometimes called "William the Bastard".

REF: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (reigned 1066-1087) at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles were built to control the country (including a fortress on the site of Windsor Castle, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the king. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions. William died in 1087 leaving Normandy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his second son, William II Rufus (reigned 1087-1100).

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Steve Jones' book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: 7th Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. ³ ⁶

• Military: Invaded Anjou, Brittany, Maine, 1047. ⁶

• Military: Norman conquest of England completed by, 1072. ⁶

• Personality: Noted for his efficient if harsh rule. ⁶

• Political: Started the Domesday Book, 1085. ⁶

• Military: Defeated & killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. ⁶

• Title: Reigned as King of England 1066-1087. ² ⁶

William married Matilda of Flanders,¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁸ ⁹ ¹⁰ ¹¹ daughter of Baudouin V "The Pious" Comte de Flanders and Adela Capet Comtesse de Contenance, in 1053 in Cathedral Of Notre Dame D'eu, Normandy.² ³ ⁶ ⁸ ⁹ ¹⁰ Matilda was born in 1031 in Flanders, France,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ¹⁰} died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Calvirginiados, France ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁸ ⁹ ¹⁰} at age 52, and was buried in Holy Trinity Abbey, Caen, Normandy, France.^{³ ⁶ ¹⁰}

Noted events in her life were:

• Political: Served as William's Regent in Normandy during & after the invasion of England. ⁶

Children from this marriage were:

+ 2 F i. Adela de Normandy ³ ⁶ ¹⁰ ¹² ¹³ was born in 1062 in Normandy, France ^{⁶ ¹³} and died on 8 Mar 1138 in Marcigny-Sur-Loire, France ^{⁶ ¹³} at age 76.

+ 3 M ii. Henry I King of England ¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁸ ¹⁰ ¹⁵ ¹⁶ was born about Sep 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England ^{¹ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ¹⁶ ¹⁷ ¹⁸} and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-Le-Fermont, Forest Angers, Near Rouen, Normandy ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ¹⁷ ¹⁹ ²⁰ ²¹} about age 67.

4 M iii. William II "Rufus" Duke of Normandy, King of England died in 1100.

5 M iv. Robert II "Curthose" Duke of Normandy died in 1134.

Second Generation

2. Adela de Normandy ³ ⁶ ¹⁰ ¹² ¹³ (William King of England¹) was born in 1062 in Normandy, France ^{⁶ ¹³} and died on 8 Mar 1138 in Marcigny-Sur-Loire, France ^{⁶ ¹³} at age 76. Another name for Adela was Alice.

Adela married Stephen II Comte de Blois,⁶ ¹² son of Theobald III of Champagne Count de Blois and Garsende of Maine, in 1081 in Breteuil, Eure, France.⁶ ¹² ¹³ ¹⁴ Stephen was born in 1045 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, France ^{⁶ ¹³} and died on 19 May 1102 in Rames ^{⁶ ¹³ ²⁸} at age 57. The cause of his death was Killed in battle. Another name for Stephen was Étienne Henri.

Noted events in his life were:

• Military: A crusader under Godfrey de Bouillon who fell gallantly fighting the infidels. ⁶

• Death: Died at the battle of Ramla. ⁶

Children from this marriage were:

6 M i. Guillaume de Champagne Comte de Chartes ⁶ was born in 1086 ^⁶ and died in 1150 ^⁶ at age 64. Another name for Guillaume was William De Blois de Sulli.

+ 7 M ii. Theobald II "Le Grand" Comte de Blois ³ ⁶ ¹² ¹³ was born in 1088 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, France ^{⁶ ¹² ¹³} and died on 8 Jan 1152 ^{⁶ ¹² ¹³} at age 64.

+ 8 M iii. Stephen King of England ⁶ was born in 1095 in Blois, France ^{⁶ ¹⁴ ²²} and died on 25 Oct 1154 in Dover Castle, Dover, Kent, England ^{⁶ ¹⁴ ²²} at age 59.

3. Henry I King of England ¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁸ ¹⁰ ¹⁵ ¹⁶ (William King of England¹) was born about Sep 1068 in Selby, Yorkshire, England ^{¹ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ¹⁶ ¹⁷ ¹⁸} and died on 1 Dec 1135 in St. Denis-Le-Fermont, Forest Angers, Near Rouen, Normandy ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ¹⁷ ¹⁹ ²⁰ ²¹} about age 67. The cause of his death was Apparently died from over eating Lampreys, or of food poisoning. Another name for Henry was Henry Beauclerc.

General Notes: [G675.ged]

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: After William's death while hunting in the New Forest in 1100, his younger brother, Henry I (reigned 1100-35), succeeded to the throne. By 1106 he had captured Normandy from his brother, Robert, who then spent the last 28 years of his life as his brother's prisoner. An energetic and decisive ruler, Henry centralised the administration of England and Normandy in the royal court, and extended royal powers of patronage.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: A hard but just ruler. Known as "Beauclerk" or "the Lion of Justice." ¹ ⁶ ¹⁸

• Title: By end of reign, he was the Lord of England, Normandy and Maine. ⁶

• Political: Known for final resolution of the investiture controversy. ¹ ⁶

• Personality: Was so hated by his brothers that they vowed to disinherit him. ¹ ⁶

• Political: United Saxons & Normans under one rule & began a sense of English nationalism. ⁶

• Title: Duke of Normandy, 1106-1135. ⁶ ¹⁷ ²¹

• Title: King of England, 1100-1135. ¹ ⁶

• Fact: Founded Reading Abbey.

Henry married Matilda of Scotland,³ ⁶ ¹⁵ ¹⁸ ¹⁹ ²³ ³⁵ daughter of Malcom III King of Scots and Saint Margaret of Scotland, on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, England.¹ ³ ⁶ ¹⁸ ¹⁹ ²² ²³ Matilda was born in Oct 1079 in Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland ^{³ ⁶ ²² ²³ ³² ³⁶} and died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, England ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ²² ²³ ³² ³⁶} at age 38. Another name for Matilda was Edith of Scotland.

Noted events in her life were:

• Baptised: Christened Edith, but adopted the name Matilda upon her marriage to Henry. ⁶ ¹⁸

• Title: Crowned Queen Consort, 14 Nov 1100, Westminster Abbey, London, England. ⁶ ³²

• Political: It was thought the Norman barons might not respect a queen with a Saxon name. ⁶ ¹⁸

• Title: Princess of Alba/Albany. ⁶

Children from this marriage were:

+ 9 F i. EmperessMatilda Queen of England ³⁷ was born in Feb 1101 ^³⁸ and died on 10 Sep 1167 ^³⁸ at age 66.

10 M ii. William Adelin was born in Nov 1103 and died on 25 Nov 1120 at age 17. The cause of his death was Died in a shipwreck, "The White Ship."

Henry had a relationship with Edith FitzForne.¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁴ ¹ ⁶ ²⁴ Edith was born in 1074 in Greystoke, Cumberland, England ^⁶ and died in 1152 ^{⁶ ²⁴} at age 78. Another name for Edith was Edith Sigulfson.

Henry next had a relationship with Unknown between 1084 and 1095.²⁴ ²⁵

Their child was:

+ 11 F i. Constance FitzRoy .

Henry next had a relationship with Unknown Gai about 1090.²⁰ ²⁵ ²⁶ ²⁷

Their child was:

+ 12 M i. Robert de Caen de Mellent 1st Earl of Gloucester ¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁶ ²⁷ ²⁹ ³⁹ ⁴⁰ ⁴¹ was born about 1090 in Caen, Calvirginiados, France,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁹ ⁴¹ ⁴² ⁴³} died on 31 Oct 1147 in Bristol, Gloucestershire ^{³ ⁶ ²⁹ ⁴⁴ ⁴⁵} about age 57, and was buried in St. James Priory, Bristol.^{⁶ ²⁰ ²⁶}

Henry next had a relationship with Lady Sybilla Corbet ¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁸ ²⁹ about 1092.¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁸ ²⁹ Sybilla was born in 1077 in Alcester, Warwickshire, England ^⁶ and died after 1157.^{³ ⁶ ²⁸} Other names for Sybilla were Adela Corbet, and Lucia Corbet.

Noted events in her life were:

• Fact: Co-heiress of her father. ⁶ ²⁸

Henry next had a relationship with Nesta Verch Rhys Princess of Deheubarth ³ ⁶ ²⁴ ⁴⁸ ⁴⁹ between 1103 and 1105.¹ ³ ²⁴ ²⁵ ³⁰ ³¹ Nesta was born about 1073 in Dynevor, Llandyfeisant, Carmarthenshire, Wales ^{³ ⁶ ⁴⁹} and died about 1114 ^{⁶ ²⁴} about age 41.

Noted events in her life were:

• Relationship: Owain ap Cadwgan of Cardigan came to visit Gerald and Nesta, Christmas 1108. ⁶

• Relationship: He so lusted after her that he, that night, attacked the castle. ⁶

• Relationship: He then carried her off and had his way with her. ⁶

Henry next had a relationship with Isabel de Beaumont ² ³ ⁶ ²⁴ ⁵⁰ about 1120.¹ ²⁴ ²⁵ Isabel was born after 1102 ^{¹ ⁶ ²⁴} and died after 1172.^⁶ Another name for Isabel was Elizabeth.

Henry next married Adeliza de Louvain,² ⁶ ¹⁴ ³² daughter of Godfrey I and Ida of Chiny, on 29 Jan 1121 in Royal Chapel, Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England.¹ ² ³ ¹⁴ ²³ ²⁵ ³² Adeliza was born Btw 1102 and 1103 in Louvirginiain, Belgium,^{² ⁶ ¹⁴ ²³ ²⁹} died on 23 Apr 1151 in Affligem Abbey, Flanders, France ^{² ⁶ ¹⁴ ²³ ²⁹} at age 48, and was buried in Affligem Abbey, Flanders, France.^{⁶ ¹⁴ ²⁹} Another name for Adeliza was Adeliza de Brabant.⁶

Noted events in her life were:

• Religion: Became a nun at Affligem Abbey, near Alost in south Brabant, ca. 1149/50. ⁶ ²⁹

Henry next had a relationship with Edith.

Henry next had a relationship with Ansfride.

Third Generation

7. Theobald II "Le Grand" Comte de Blois ³ ⁶ ¹² ¹³ (Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born in 1088 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, France ^{⁶ ¹² ¹³} and died on 8 Jan 1152 ^{⁶ ¹² ¹³} at age 64.

General Notes: Waved Right To Kingship Of England In Favor Of Younger Brother Stephen

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: 3rd Count Palatine of Champaigne & Brie. ³ ⁶ ¹²

• Title: 4th Comte de Blois. ⁶

Theobald married Maud de Carinthia,³ ⁶ ¹² ⁵¹ daughter of Duc Ingelbert de Carinthia II and Utha Von Sulzbach of Passau, in 1123.³ ¹² ³³ ³⁴ Maud was born Btw 1097 and 1105 in Karnten, Austria ^{⁶ ¹²} and died on 13 Dec 1160 ^{⁶ ¹²} at age 63.

Children from this marriage were:

13 F i. Marie de Blois Abbess of Fontevrault ⁶ was born in 1128 ^⁶ and died in 1190 ^⁶ at age 62.

+ 14 F ii. Adele de Champagne ³ ⁶ ³³ was born in 1140 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, France,^{³ ⁶ ³³} died on 4 Jun 1206 in Paris, Seine, France ^{³ ⁶ ³³} at age 66, and was buried at Abbaye Deleware Potigny.^{³ ⁶}

8. Stephen King of England ⁶ (Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born in 1095 in Blois, France ^{⁶ ¹⁴ ²²} and died on 25 Oct 1154 in Dover Castle, Dover, Kent, England ^{⁶ ¹⁴ ²²} at age 59.

General Notes: [G675.ged]

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: Henry I was succeeded by his nephew Stephen of Blois (reigned 1135-54), his only legitimate son having drowned in the wreck of the White Ship which sank in the English Channel in 1120. Although widely preferred in England and Normandy as Henry's successor, Stephen lacked ruthlessness and failed to inspire loyalty. Henry's daughter, Matilda, invaded England in 1139 to claim the throne and the country was plunged into civil war. Neither side was strong enough to win and the war ended only in 1153 when Matilda's son, Henry, Count of Anjou, was recognised as heir to the throne.

Noted events in his life were:

• Fact: Henry I was Stephen's guardian aft the death of his father. ⁶

• Political: To curry Church's favor, had to relax the severe crown control of the nobility. ⁶

• Military: South & midlands counties wracked by civil war & famine throughout his reign. ⁶

• Political: When Henry I died, Stephen landed on England bef. Maud & made bid for the crown. ⁶

Stephen married Matilda of Boulogne, daughter of Count Eustace III of Boulogne and Princess Mary of Scotland. Matilda died on 3 May 1152.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 15 F i. Marie of Boulogne Countess of Boulogne was born in 1136 and died in 1182 in St. Austrebert, Montreul, France at age 46.

9. EmperessMatilda Queen of England ³⁷ (Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born in Feb 1101 ^³⁸ and died on 10 Sep 1167 ^³⁸ at age 66.

Matilda married Henry V, King of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor ³⁸ on 7 Jan 1114 in Worms. Henry was born on 11 Aug 1081 and died on 23 May 1125 at age 43.

Matilda next married Geoffery Plantagenet V, Count of Anjou,³⁷ son of King Fulk V of Jerusalem Count of Anjou and Eremburge of La Flèche, on 17 Jun 1128 in Le Mans Cathedral, Anjou.³⁸ Geoffery was born on 24 Aug 1113,^³⁷ died on 7 Sep 1151 ^³⁷ at age 38, and was buried in Le Mans, France. Other names for Geoffery were Geoffery the Fair, and³⁷ Geoffery The Handsome.

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: Count of Maine, 1126 to 1151. ³⁷

• Title: Count of Anjou, 1129 to 1151. ³⁷

• Title: Count of Mortain, 1141 to 1151. ³⁷

Children from this marriage were:

+ 16 M i. Henry II King of England ³ ⁶ ¹⁴ ¹⁵ ²³ ³⁵ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ was born on 25 Mar 1133 in Le Mans, France,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ³⁵} died on 6 Jul 1189 in Chinon, France ^{¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ³⁵} at age 56, and was buried in Fontevrault, France.^{² ⁶ ²³}

17 M ii. Geoffery Plantagenet .

18 M iii. William Plantagenet .

11. Constance FitzRoy (Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹).

Constance married Richard I Viscount de Beaumont.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 19 F i. Ermengarde de Beaumont .

12. Robert de Caen de Mellent 1st Earl of Gloucester ¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁶ ²⁷ ²⁹ ³⁹ ⁴⁰ ⁴¹ (Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born about 1090 in Caen, Calvirginiados, France,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ²⁹ ⁴¹ ⁴² ⁴³} died on 31 Oct 1147 in Bristol, Gloucestershire ^{³ ⁶ ²⁹ ⁴⁴ ⁴⁵} about age 57, and was buried in St. James Priory, Bristol.^{⁶ ²⁰ ²⁶} The cause of his death was Fever.

General Notes: [G675.ged]

REF: Weis Ancestral Roots (63:26), (124:26), (124A:26), (125:26), (132A:27): He was an illigitimate son of King HENRY I. According to "The Dictionary of National Biography", his mother was probably an unknown French woman. This birth was before HENRY became king. On insufficient grounds some claim his mother to be Nesta, dau. of RHYS AP TEWDR, King of Dehubarth. In his "Complete Peerage", Cockayne is of the opinion that his mother was most likely SIBYL CORBET. He fought at the Battle of Bremule in 1119, where his father defeated King LOUIS VI of France (RIN 1531). In 1122 he was created Earl of Gloucester. In 1123, he led a force to assist in the capture of the castle of Brionne, which was held by rebel Norman barons. In 1126 he had custody of the imprisoned rebel, Robert, Duke of Normandy. In 1127 he did homage to the EMPRESS MATILDA, recognizng her as his father's successor to the throne. When Stephen was chosen as king over the EMPRESS MATILDA, Robert did homage to him for his English lands. In 1137 he accompanied King Stephen to Normandy where a quarrel ensued. He then threw his support to MATILDA, who was in Normandy, and obtained the surrender of Caen and Bayeux to her husband, GEOFFREY PLANTAGANET, Count of Anjou (RIN 787). In Sep. 1139 he landed in England with MATILDA and took her to Arundel Castle. He became her commander-in-chief in the civil war which followed. Robert was captured by Stephen's forces, but Stephen had also been previously captured by MATILDA's. The two were returned to their respective camps in an even exchange. MATILDA sent Robert to Anjou to attempt to convince her husband, GEOFFREY, to come to her aid. GEOFFREY declined to help until he had conquered Normandy, so Robert joined in his campaign. However, hearing that MATILDA was beseiged at Oxford, he hurried back to her assistance. He took MATILDA's and GEOFFREY's son, HENRY (the future King HENRY II) with him. In 1143 Robert defeated Stephen at Wilton and in 1144 he blockaded Malmesbury, Stephen refusing battle. MATILDA's support had gradually dwindled, so Robert was unable to continue to press her cause. In 1147 Robert sent HENRY back to Anjou. Later that year Robert died of fever at Bristol.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: Distinguished soldier & powerful magnate in the west country. ⁶

• Fact: A founder of St. James Priory, Bristol. ⁶ ⁴⁴

• Political: Became one of Stephen's most determined opponents. ⁶

• Political: Loyally supported his half-sister Maud in the civil war with King Stephen. ⁶

• Fact: Led force to capture Brionne Castle held by rebels in Normandy, 1122. ⁶ ⁶²

• Fact: Did homage to 1/2 sister Maud & recognized her as his father's heir to throne, 1127. ⁶ ⁶²

Robert married Mabel FitzHamon ² ³ ⁶ ²⁹ ³⁹ ⁶³ in 1109.² ³ ⁶ ²⁰ ²⁹ ³⁹ ⁴⁶ ⁴⁷ Mabel was born in 1090,^⁶ died in 1157 ^{³ ⁶ ²⁹ ⁴⁷} at age 67, and was buried in Also Called Maud And Sibyl.^⁶

Children from this marriage were:

20 F i. Christiana of Gloucester .⁶⁴

+ 21 M ii. William FitzRobert 2nd Earl of Gloucester ³ ⁶ ²⁰ ⁴⁷ was born on 23 Nov 1116 in Gloucestershire, England ^⁶ and died on 23 Nov 1183 ^{⁶ ²⁰} at age 67.

22 F iii. Maud FitzRobert of Gloucester ³ ⁶ ⁴⁷ ⁶⁵ was born in 1120 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England ^⁶ and died on 29 Jul 1189 in Chester, England ^{⁶ ⁶⁵} at age 69.

Fourth Generation

14. Adele de Champagne ³ ⁶ ³³ (Theobald II "Le Grand" Comte de Blois⁷, Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born in 1140 in Blois, Loir-Et-Cher, France,^{³ ⁶ ³³} died on 4 Jun 1206 in Paris, Seine, France ^{³ ⁶ ³³} at age 66, and was buried at Abbaye Deleware Potigny.^{³ ⁶} Another name for Adele was Alice de Champagne.

Adele married Louis VII "Le Jeune" King of France,² ³ ⁶ ⁵³ son of Louis VI "Le Gros" King of France and Adelaide de Maurienne de Savoie, on 13 Nov 1160.¹ ² ³ ⁶ ¹² ²³ ³³ ⁵² ⁵³ Louis was born in 1120 in Fontainebleu, France,^{³ ⁶ ¹² ⁵³} died on 18 Sep 1180 in Paris, Seine, France ^{¹ ² ³ ⁶ ¹² ⁵³} at age 60, and was buried in Abbey Barbeaux, Melun, France.^{¹ ⁶} Another name for Louis was Louis I of Aquitaine.

Noted events in their marriage were:

• Unknown: ⁶ Annuled on nominal grounds of consanguinity.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 23 M i. Philippe II Capet Augustus King of France ³ ⁶ was born on 21 Aug 1165 in Gonesse (Near Paris), France ^⁶ and died on 14 Jul 1223 in Mantes, France ^⁶ at age 57.

15. Marie of Boulogne Countess of Boulogne (Stephen King of England⁸, Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born in 1136 and died in 1182 in St. Austrebert, Montreul, France at age 46.

Marie married Matthew of Alsace.

Noted events in their marriage were:

• Divorced: Abt 1169.

• Religion: Became a nun, Abt 1169, St. Austrebert, Montreul.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 24 F i. Maud of Boulogne and Alsace .

16. Henry II King of England ³ ⁶ ¹⁴ ¹⁵ ²³ ³⁵ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ (Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 25 Mar 1133 in Le Mans, France,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ³⁵} died on 6 Jul 1189 in Chinon, France ^{¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ³⁵} at age 56, and was buried in Fontevrault, France.^{² ⁶ ²³} Other names for Henry were Henry I of Aquitaine, and Henry Curmantle.

General Notes: Henry Plantagenet had three illegitimate sons, Geoffrey, who was Archbishop of York, Morgan, and William Longsword, Earl of Salisbury.

Medical Notes: Reddish hair & fair complected.

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: Duke of Normandy, 1150 to 1189. ³⁵

• Title: Count of Anjou, 1151 to 1189. ³⁵

• Title: King of England, 1154 to 1189. ³⁵

Henry married Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine,² ³ ⁶ ¹² ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁵⁶ ⁶⁶ ⁶⁷ daughter of William X "The Saint" of Aquitaine 8th Count of Poitiers and Aenor of Châtellerault, Whit Sunday, May 18, 1152.¹ ² ³ ⁶ ²² ²³ ³⁵ ⁵⁵ ⁵⁶ ⁵⁷ ⁵⁸ ⁵⁹ ⁶⁰ Eleanor was born in 1122 in Chateau Deleware Belin, Gironde, Aquitaine ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ¹² ²² ²³} and died on 1 Apr 1204 in Mirabell Castle, Fontevrault, Anjou, France ^{³ ⁶ ¹² ²² ²³ ⁵⁶} at age 82.

Noted events in her life were:

• Title: Queen of England, 19 Dec 1154, Westminster Abbey, London, England. ⁶

Children from this marriage were:

25 M i. William of England Count of Poitiers .³⁵ The cause of his death was Died in infancy.

26 M ii. Henry of England Count of Anjou ³⁵ was born on 28 Feb 1155 and died on 11 Jun 1183 at age 28. Another name for Henry was Henry the Young King.

Henry married Marguerite de France, daughter of Louis VII "Le Jeune" King of France and Constance of Castile, on 2 Nov 1160. Marguerite was born in 1158 and died in 1197 at age 39.

27 M iii. Geoffery of England II, Duke of Brittany .³⁵

28 F iv. Matilda of England Duchess of Saxony ³⁵ was born in 1156 and died in 1189 at age 33. Another name for Matilda was Maud.

Matilda married Henry "The Lion" Duke of Saxony.

29 M v. Richard I "The Lionheart" King of England ⁶⁸ was born on 8 Sep 1157 ^⁶⁸ and died on 6 Apr 1199 in Châlus, France ^⁶⁸ at age 41. The cause of his death was Shot with an arrow. Another name for Richard was Cœur de Lion.⁶⁸

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: King of England, 1189 to 1199. ⁶⁸

Richard married Berengaria of Navarre, daughter of Sancho VI King of Navarre, on 12 May 1191 in Chapel Of St George, Limassol, Cyprus.⁶⁸

+ 30 F vi. Princess Eleanor Plantagenet ³ ⁶ ³⁵ ⁵⁷ ⁶⁶ ⁶⁹ was born on 11 Oct 1162 in Falais, Calvirginiados, France Or Domfront, Normandy ^{³ ⁶ ²² ⁵⁷} and died on 31 Oct 1214 in Burgos, Spain ^{³ ⁶ ²² ⁵⁷} at age 52.

31 F vii. Joan of England Queen of Sicily ³⁵ was born in 1165 and died in 1199 at age 34.

Joan married William II King of Sicily in 1777.

Joan next married Count Raymund of Toulouse VI.

+ 32 M viii. John I of England King of England ³ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁵⁸ ⁷¹ was born on 24 Dec 1166 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ⁵⁸ ⁷¹} died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ⁷¹ ⁷²} at age 49, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral.^{¹ ³ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁸}

Henry had a relationship with Ida Countess of Norfolk ⁶ ⁶¹ ⁷⁵ about 1176.⁶ ⁶¹ Ida was born in 1154 in Norfolk, England.^⁶

Noted events in their marriage were:

• Partners: Abt 1176. ⁶ ⁶¹

Their child was:

+ 33 M i. William Longespée Earl of Salisbury ¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁶¹ ⁷⁶ ⁷⁷ ⁷⁸ was born in 1176 in Woodstock Manor,^{¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸} died on 7 Mar 1226 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England ^{² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸} at age 50, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral.^⁶

19. Ermengarde de Beaumont (Constance FitzRoy¹¹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹).

Ermengarde married William I "The Lion" King of Scotland, son of Prince Henry of Scotland 3rd Earl of Huntington and Adeline de Warenne, on 5 Sep 1186 in Woodstock Palace. William died on 4 Dec 1214 and was buried Stirling in Arbroath Abbey.

Children from this marriage were:

34 F i. Marjorie of Scotland .

Marjorie married Gilbert Marshal 4th Earl of Pembroke, son of Sir William Marshal Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare Comtesse de Strigoil. Gilbert died on 27 Jun 1241.

+ 35 M ii. Alexander II King of Scotland was born on 24 Aug 1198 and died on 6 Jul 1249 at age 50.

21. William FitzRobert 2nd Earl of Gloucester ³ ⁶ ²⁰ ⁴⁷ (Robert 1st Earl of Gloucester¹², Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 23 Nov 1116 in Gloucestershire, England ^⁶ and died on 23 Nov 1183 ^{⁶ ²⁰} at age 67.

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: Earl of Chester. ³ ⁶

William married Hawise de Beaumont,⁶ ⁵⁸ ⁶⁴ daughter of Robert "Bossu" de Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester and Amica de Gael, in 1150 in Leicestershire, England.⁶ ²⁰ ⁵⁸ Hawise was born Btw 1129 and 1134 in Leicester, Leicestershire, England ^⁶ and died on 24 Apr 1197 ^{⁶ ²⁰ ⁶⁴} at age 67.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 36 F i. Amicia FitzRobert Countess of Gloucester ³ ⁶ was born in 1160 in Tewkesbury, Gloucester, England ^⁶ and died on 1 Jan 1225 ^⁶ at age 65.

Fifth Generation

23. Philippe II Capet Augustus King of France ³ ⁶ (Adele de Champagne¹⁴, Theobald II "Le Grand" Comte de Blois⁷, Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born on 21 Aug 1165 in Gonesse (Near Paris), France ^⁶ and died on 14 Jul 1223 in Mantes, France ^⁶ at age 57.

Philippe married Isabella de Hainault ⁶ in 1180.⁶ Isabella was born on 5 Apr 1170 in Virginialenciennes, Nord, France ^⁶ and died on 15 Mar 1190 in Paris, Seine, France ^⁶ at age 19.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 37 M i. Louis VIII "The Lion" King of France ⁶ ⁸⁰ was born on 5 Sep 1187 in Paris, Seine, France ^{⁶ ⁸¹ ⁸²} and died on 8 Nov 1226 in Montpensier, Auvergne, France ^{⁶ ⁸¹ ⁸²} at age 39.

24. Maud of Boulogne and Alsace (Marie of Boulogne Countess of Boulogne¹⁵, Stephen King of England⁸, Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹).

Maud married Henry I Duke of Brabant, son of Godfrey III Count of Leuven and Margaret of Limburg, in 1179. Henry was born in 1165 in Leuven and died on 5 Sep 1235 in Cologne, Germany at age 70.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 38 M i. Henry II Duke of Brabant & Lothier ⁸⁰ was born in 1207 and died on 1 Feb 1248 in Leuven at age 41.

30. Princess Eleanor Plantagenet ³ ⁶ ³⁵ ⁵⁷ ⁶⁶ ⁶⁹ (Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 11 Oct 1162 in Falais, Calvirginiados, France Or Domfront, Normandy ^{³ ⁶ ²² ⁵⁷} and died on 31 Oct 1214 in Burgos, Spain ^{³ ⁶ ²² ⁵⁷} at age 52. Another name for Eleanor was Leonora, Queen of Castile.

Eleanor married Alphonso VIII King of Castile,⁶⁹ son of Sancho III "el Deseado" King of Castile and Toledo and Blanca of Navarre, in 1176.⁶⁹ ⁷⁰ Alphonso was born on 11 Nov 1155 ^⁶⁹ and died on 5 Oct 1214 ^⁷⁰ at age 58. Another name for Alphonso was He of Las Navas.

Children from this marriage were:

+ 39 F i. Blanche of Castile ³ ⁶ ⁵⁷ ⁸³ was born on 23 May 1188 in Chateaux Deleware Pale, Virginialencia, Castile,^{⁶ ²² ⁶⁹} died on 30 Nov 1253 in Palais Du Louvre, Paris, France ^{⁶ ⁶⁹ ⁸²} at age 65, and was buried in Maubuisson.^⁶

+ 40 F ii. Berenguela of Castile was born in 1180 and died on 8 Nov 1246 at age 66.

32. John I of England King of England ³ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁵⁸ ⁷¹ (Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 24 Dec 1166 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ⁵⁸ ⁷¹} died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Lincolnshire ^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁷ ²² ²³ ⁷¹ ⁷²} at age 49, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral.^{¹ ³ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁸} The cause of his death was Fever, chills, exhaustion after crossing Wash of Lincoln & Norfolk. Another name for John was John Lackland.

General Notes: John Plantagenet had twelve illegitimate sons and daughters. Joanna, one of his daughters, married Llewelyn I, Ab Iorwerth, Prince of North Wales.

John had the following illegitimate children:
Joan the wife of (by a woman named Clemence)
Richard Fitz Roy (by his cousin, Adela, daughter of his uncle Hamelin de Warenne)
Oliver FitzRoy, (by mistress named Hawise)
By an unknown mistress (or mistresses) John fathered:
Geoffrey FitzRoy, who went on expedition to Poitou in 1205 and died there.
John FitzRoy.
Henry FitzRoy, who died in 1245
Osbert Gifford, who was given lands in Oxfordshire, Norfolk and Sussex
Eudes FitzRoy, who accompanied his half-brother Richard on Crusade and died in the Holy Land in 1241.
Bartholomew FitzRoy, a member of the order of Friars Preachers.
Maud FitzRoy, Abbess of Barking, who died in 1252.
Isabel FitzRoy, wife of Richard Fitz Ives.
Philip FitzRoy, found living in 1263.

Source: 'The World Book Encyclopedia', 1968, p J110. 'Royalty for ommoners', Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 38.:

Reigned 1199-1216. Signed Magna Carta in 1215 at Runnymede. His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he lost several continental possesions including Normandy by 1205. He came into conflict with his Barons and was forced to Sign the Magna Carta. His later repudiation of the charter led to the first barons war 1215-17 during which John died.

Burke says he was born in 1160. John 'Lackland' King Of England was known as one of England's worst kings; however, modern analysis notes he was actually much better than his infamous reputation allows. His barons forced him to grant the famous charter of liberties, Magna Carta, in 1215. He was often cruel, but he showed both administrative and military ability. John succeeded his brother Richard the Lion-Hearted as king of England and duke of Normandy in 1199. His rule began badly. By inept politics and the murder of his nephew Arthur, he lost the allegiance of many of his French barons. King Philip Augustus of France then declared war. In 1205 John was beaten, and lost all the English holdings in France except Aquitaine. John persued a policy in England that brought him into conflict with Pope Innocent III. In 1208 the pope placed England under an interdict, which banned church services. The following year John was excommunicated. The king then showed his capacity for strong rule. He forced Scotland into a subordinate position, kept the Welsh princes in check, and held a firm grip on Ireland. But his foreign favorites, professional troops, and autocratic financial policy stirred up discontent among the English barons. When John failed to reconquer the lost French territories in 1214, most of the barons and many of the clergy revolted. On June 15, 1215, the king was forced to approve the Magna Carta at Runnymede meadow beside the River Thames. A few months later, John fought the barons. They were aided by Prince Louis of France, heir to Philip Augustus, and appeared certain to win. But John penned his enemies in London and the adjacent counties. He died suddenly in 1216, but his throne was saved for his son, Henry III. Buried in Worcester Cathedral Concubine at Kings Manor House, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England Divorced Isabel Fitzrobert 29 August 1189.

Source: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William the Conqueror requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign. They continued to thrive under William's grandson Henry II. When Richard was coronated, he did so "in a bath of Jewish blood." John merely taxed them very heavily, "bled them white".

Source: British Monarchy Official Website: Richard's success (at retrieving all of his French possessions taken by Philip Augustus) was short lived. In 1199 his brother, John, became king and Philip successfully invaded Normandy. By 1203 John had retreated to England, losing his French lands of Normandy and Anjou by 1205. John (reigned 1199-1216) was an able administrator interested in law and government but he neither trusted others, nor was trusted by them. Heavy taxation, disputes with the Church (John was excommunicated by the Pope in 1209) and unsuccessful attempts to recover his French possessions made him unpopular. Many of his barons rebelled and in June 1215 they forced the King to sign a peace treaty accepting their reforms. This treaty, later known as Magna Carta, limited royal powers, defined feudal obligations between the king and the barons, and guaranteed a number of rights. The most influential clauses concerned the freedom of the Church; the redress of grievances of owners and tenants of land; the need to consult the Great Council of the Realm so as to prevent unjust taxation; mercantile and trading relationships; regulation of the machinery of justice so that justice be denied to no one; and the requirement to control the behaviour of royal officials. The most important clauses established the basis of habeas corpus ('you have the body'), i.e. that no one shall beimprisoned except by due process of law, and that 'to no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay right or justice'. The Charter also established a council of barons who were to ensure that the sovereign observed the Charter, with the right to wage war on him if he did not. Magna Carta was the first formal document insisting that the sovereign was as much under the rule of law as his people; and that the rights of individuals were to be upheld even against the wishes of the sovereign. As a source of fundamental constitutional principles, Magna Carta came to be seen as an important definition of aspects of English law, and in later centuries as the basis of the liberties of the English people. As a peace treaty Magna Carta was a failure and the rebels invited Louis of France to become their king. When John died in 1216 England was in the grip of civil war.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: Legendary evil "Prince John" in Robin Hood story. ⁶

• Personality: Able administrator, interested in fine points of the law. ⁶ ⁶⁰

• Political: His reign saw renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France. ¹ ⁶ ²²

• Personality: Moody, cruel & sadistic, but also intelligent, fair, charitable to the poor. ⁶

• Titles: 1177 to 1189. ¹ ⁶ ⁵⁸ King of Ireland 1177, Count of Mortain 1189, Earl of Gloucester 29 Aug 1189.

• Title: Count of Maine, 1199 to 1203. ⁷¹

• Title: Duke of Aquitaine, 1199 to 1216. ⁷¹

• Title: Duke of Normandy, 1199 to 1204. ⁷¹

• Title: King of England, 1199 to 1216. ⁷¹

• Political: Signed Magna Carta, 1215, Runnymede. ¹ ⁶ ⁵⁵ Repudiation of the charter led to the first Barons War 1215-17.

John married Isabel of Gloucester in 1189.

Noted events in their marriage were:

• Annulled: Annulled on the grounds of consanguinity, Abt 1199.

John next married Comtesse Isabella d'Angoulême,¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁵⁸ ⁷³ ⁷⁴ ⁸⁴ ⁸⁵ ⁸⁶ ⁸⁷ daughter of Aymer "Taillefer" Comte d'Angoulême and Alice de Courtenay, on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux Cathedral, Gascony, France.¹ ³ ²² ²³ ⁵⁵ ⁵⁸ ⁵⁹ ⁷¹ ⁷³ ⁷⁴ Isabella was born about 1186 in Angoulême, Charente, France,^{³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ²³ ⁷³ ⁷⁴} died on 31 May 1246 in Fontevrault L'abbe, Maine-Et-Loire, France ^{³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ²³ ⁷³ ⁷⁴ ⁸⁸} about age 60, and was buried in Fontevrault Abbey, France.^{⁶ ⁸⁸}

Noted events in her life were:

• Betrothal: She was betrothed to Hugh le Brun the elder prior to marrying John. ⁶

• Personality: Lured her son Henry III into diastrous entanglements & wars. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Personality: In her 2nd marriage, she bacame inscrutable & haughty, but still elegant. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Physical Description: She was blonde and blue eyed - one of the most breath taking beauties of her day, even in later life. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Succession: ucceeded her father as Countess de Angoulême, summer of 1202. ⁶ ⁹⁰

• Fact: Accused of trying to poison Louis IX; fled to Fontevraud Abbey, where she died. ⁶ ⁸⁹

Children from this marriage were:

41 F i. Isabella Plantagenet died in 1241.

Isabella married Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.

42 F ii. Eleanor Plantagenet died in 1274.

Eleanor married Simon de Montfort Earl of Leicester.

Eleanor next married William Marshal 2nd Earl of Pembroke, son of Sir William Marshal Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare Comtesse de Strigoil. William was born about 1190 and died on 6 Apr 1231 about age 41.

+ 43 M iii. Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cornwall, Count of Poitou ¹ ³ ⁶ ⁸⁸ ⁹¹ ⁹² was born on 5 Jan 1209 in Winchester Castle, Hampshire,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁸⁸ ⁹¹ ⁹³} died on 2 Apr 1272 in Berkhamsetad Castle, Hertfordshire ^{³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁴} at age 63, and was buried in Hayles Abbey, Gloucestershire.^{³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁵}

+ 44 M iv. Henry III King of England ¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁸⁸ ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Hampshire, England,^{¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ ¹⁰⁰} died on 16 Nov 1272 in Wesminster, Middlesex ^{³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ ¹⁰¹ ¹⁰²} at age 65, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England.^{¹ ⁶ ²³ ⁹⁹}

45 F v. Joan Plantagenet was born on 22 Jul 1210 and died on 4 Mar 1238 at age 27.

Joan married Alexander II King of Scotland, son of William I "The Lion" King of Scotland and Ermengarde de Beaumont, 15-18 Jun 1221. Alexander was born on 24 Aug 1198 and died on 6 Jul 1249 at age 50.

33. William Longespée Earl of Salisbury ¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁶¹ ⁷⁶ ⁷⁷ ⁷⁸ (Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born in 1176 in Woodstock Manor,^{¹ ² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸} died on 7 Mar 1226 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England ^{² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸} at age 50, and was buried in Salisbury Cathedral.^⁶ Another name for William was William Longspee Prince of England.

General Notes: [G675.ged]

Some sources show him being born about 1173. Some sources show death 07 March 1224/25.

Noted events in his life were:

• Political: Taken prisoner by Philippe Augustus & ransomed by John. ⁶ ⁶⁰

• Military: Led a brave charge attempting rescue of Renaud de Dammartin, Jul 1214. ⁶ ⁶⁰

• Military: Suffered disastrous defeat by French at Valenciennes, Jul 1214. ⁶ ⁶⁰

• Political: Forsook his brother John & recognized Louis Capet as King at Winchester, Jun 1216. ⁶ ⁶⁰

William married Ela FitzPatrick Countess of Salisbury,² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁷ ¹⁰⁵ ¹⁰⁶ daughter of William FitzPatrick Earl of Salisbury, Earl of Wiltshire and Alianor de Vitrei, in 1198 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.³ ⁶ ⁷⁷ ⁷⁸ ⁷⁹ Ela was born Btw 1187 and 1191 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England,^{² ³ ⁶ ¹⁰⁵} died on 24 Aug 1261 in Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire, England ^{² ³ ⁶ ¹⁰⁵} at age 73, and was buried in Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire.^⁶

Noted events in her life were:

• Religion: Later, Abbess of Lacock in Wiltshire. ⁶

Children from this marriage were:

46 M i. Sir William Longespée II, Earl of Salisbury ² ³ ⁶⁴ ⁷⁷ ⁷⁸ ¹⁰⁵ was born in 1207 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England,^{⁶⁴ ⁷⁷} died on 7 Feb 1250 in AL-Mansura, On The Nile, Egypt ^{² ⁶⁴} at age 43, and was buried in Acre, Palestine.^⁶⁴ The cause of his death was Died On Crusade Of St. Louis.

Noted events in his life were:

• Political: Friends with Simon de Montfort whom he met in the Holy Land. ⁶⁴ ⁸⁹

• Military: Advised Robert d' Artois I not to attack Saracens. ⁶⁴ ⁸⁹

• Military: His advise was ignored & they both died. ⁶⁴ ⁸⁹

• Fact: His couragious death so impressed the Sultan that he was buried honorably. ⁶⁴ ⁸⁹

+ 47 M ii. Stephen Longespée Earl of Ulster ² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸ ⁷⁹ ¹⁰⁵ was born in 1216 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England,^{³ ⁶ ⁷⁹} died in 1260 in Sutton, Northamptonshire ^{² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁹ ¹⁰⁷} at age 44, and was buried in Lacock, Wiltshire, England.^⁶

+ 48 F iii. Ida Longespée ² ³ ⁵ ⁶⁴ ¹¹⁰ was born in 1222 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England ^⁶⁴ and died in 1269 ^{⁶⁴ ¹¹⁰} at age 47.

49 M iv. Richard Longespée .

50 M v. Nicholas Longespée died in 1297.

51 F vi. Isabella Longespée .

52 F vii. Petronilla Longespée .

53 F viii. Ella Longespée .

35. Alexander II King of Scotland (Ermengarde de Beaumont¹⁹, Constance FitzRoy¹¹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 24 Aug 1198 and died on 6 Jul 1249 at age 50.

Alexander married Joan Plantagenet, daughter of John I of England King of England and Comtesse Isabella d'Angoulême, 15-18 Jun 1221. Joan was born on 22 Jul 1210 and died on 4 Mar 1238 at age 27.

Alexander next married Marie de Coucy.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 54 M i. Alexander III King of Scotland was born on 4 Sep 1241 and died on 19 Mar 1286 at age 44.

36. Amicia FitzRobert Countess of Gloucester ³ ⁶ (William 2nd Earl of Gloucester²¹, Robert 1st Earl of Gloucester¹², Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born in 1160 in Tewkesbury, Gloucester, England ^⁶ and died on 1 Jan 1225 ^⁶ at age 65.

Noted events in her life were:

• Acceded: Acceded, 1217, On Death Of Her Sister Isabella.

Amicia married Sir Richard FitzRoger 4th Earl of Hertford,³ ⁶ ¹¹² son of Roger "The Good" de Clare 3rd Earl of Hertford and Maud de Saint Hilary, about 1180.³ ⁶ Richard was born Btw 1153 and 1162 in Tunbridge Castle, Kent, England ^⁶ and died on 30 Dec 1218 ^⁶ at age 65. Another name for Richard was Richard Fitzroger De Clare Earl of Clare.

Noted events in his life were:

• Title: Lord of Clare, Tonbridge; St. Hilary. ⁶

• Title: Lord of half Giffard (Gloucester, Glamorgan, Gwynllwg). ⁶

• Title: 6 th Earl Of Clare, 4 th Earl Of Hertford, 1173.

Children from this marriage were:

+ 55 F i. Matilda de Clare Countess of Gloucester ³ ⁶⁴ ¹¹³ was born Btw 1175 and 1184 in Lincoln, Lincolnshire ^{³ ⁶⁴} and died in 1213 ^{³ ⁶⁴} at age 38.

+ 56 M ii. Gilbert de Clare Earl of Gloucester ⁶ ⁹⁴ ¹¹⁴ was born Btw 1180 and 1182 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England ^{⁶ ⁹⁴} and died on 25 Oct 1230 in Perres-Guirrec, Brittany, France ^{⁶ ⁹⁴} at age 49.

Sixth Generation

37. Louis VIII "The Lion" King of France ⁶ ⁸⁰ (Philippe II Capet Augustus King of France²³, Adele de Champagne¹⁴, Theobald II "Le Grand" Comte de Blois⁷, Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born on 5 Sep 1187 in Paris, Seine, France ^{⁶ ⁸¹ ⁸²} and died on 8 Nov 1226 in Montpensier, Auvergne, France ^{⁶ ⁸¹ ⁸²} at age 39.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: As Prince of France, met by popular acclaim in his English campaign. ⁶

• Political: Attemted to sieze English throne w/ support of rebellios English barons. ⁶

• Political: At time of John's death, controlled half of England. ⁶ ⁶⁰

• Military: Took Winchester, beseiged Royal Castle there, 14 Jun 1216. ⁶

Louis married Blanche of Castile,³ ⁶ ⁵⁷ ⁸³ daughter of Alphonso VIII King of Castile and Princess Eleanor Plantagenet, on 23 May 1200 in Normandy.⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁸¹ Blanche was born on 23 May 1188 in Chateaux Deleware Pale, Virginialencia, Castile,^{⁶ ²² ⁶⁹} died on 30 Nov 1253 in Palais Du Louvre, Paris, France ^{⁶ ⁶⁹ ⁸²} at age 65, and was buried in Maubuisson.^⁶

Children from this marriage were:

+ 57 M i. Robert "The Good" Capet I, Comte de Artois ⁵ ⁶ ¹¹⁶ ¹¹⁷ was born in Sep 1216 in France ^{⁶ ²² ⁸⁰ ¹¹⁸} and died on 8 Feb 1250 in AL-Mansura, On The Nile, Egypt ^{⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁸⁰} at age 33.

58 M ii. Louis IX King of France was born on 25 Apr 1215 and died on 25 Aug 1270 at age 55.

Louis married Marguerite de Provence,¹¹⁹ daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence & Forcalquier and Beatrice de Savoie, on 27 May 1234. Marguerite was born in 1221 and died in 1295 at age 74.

59 M iii. Charles I of Sicily King of Sicily was born in 1227 and died in 1285 at age 58.

Charles married Beatrice de Provence,¹¹⁹ daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence & Forcalquier and Beatrice de Savoie, on 31 Jan 1246 in Aix-En-Provence. Beatrice was born in 1231 and died in 1267 at age 36.

38. Henry II Duke of Brabant & Lothier ⁸⁰ (Maud of Boulogne and Alsace²⁴, Marie of Boulogne Countess of Boulogne¹⁵, Stephen King of England⁸, Adela de Normandy², William King of England¹) was born in 1207 and died on 1 Feb 1248 in Leuven at age 41.

Henry married Marie of Hohenstaufen, daughter of Philip of Swabia King of Germany, Duke of Swabia and Irene Angelina. Marie was born in 1201 and died in 1235 at age 34.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 60 F i. Matilda of Brabant ¹¹⁶ was born in 1224 and died on 29 Sep 1288 at age 64.

39. Blanche of Castile ³ ⁶ ⁵⁷ ⁸³ (Princess Eleanor Plantagenet³⁰, Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 23 May 1188 in Chateaux Deleware Pale, Virginialencia, Castile,^{⁶ ²² ⁶⁹} died on 30 Nov 1253 in Palais Du Louvre, Paris, France ^{⁶ ⁶⁹ ⁸²} at age 65, and was buried in Maubuisson.^⁶

Blanche married Louis VIII "The Lion" King of France,⁶ ⁸⁰ son of Philippe II Capet Augustus King of France and Isabella de Hainault, on 23 May 1200 in Normandy.⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁸¹ Louis was born on 5 Sep 1187 in Paris, Seine, France ^{⁶ ⁸¹ ⁸²} and died on 8 Nov 1226 in Montpensier, Auvergne, France ^{⁶ ⁸¹ ⁸²} at age 39.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: As Prince of France, met by popular acclaim in his English campaign. ⁶

• Political: Attemted to sieze English throne w/ support of rebellios English barons. ⁶

• Political: At time of John's death, controlled half of England. ⁶ ⁶⁰

• Military: Took Winchester, beseiged Royal Castle there, 14 Jun 1216. ⁶

(Duplicate Line. See Person 37)

40. Berenguela of Castile (Princess Eleanor Plantagenet³⁰, Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born in 1180 and died on 8 Nov 1246 at age 66.

Berenguela married Alfonso IX King of León, son of Ferdinand II King of León and Infante Urraca of Portugal. Alfonso was born on 15 Aug 1171 and died 23 or 24 Sep 1230 at age 59.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 61 M i. Ferdinand III King of Castile & Léon was born in 1198-1199 and died on 30 May 1252 at age 53.

43. Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cornwall, Count of Poitou ¹ ³ ⁶ ⁸⁸ ⁹¹ ⁹² (John I of England King of England³², Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 5 Jan 1209 in Winchester Castle, Hampshire,^{¹ ³ ⁶ ⁸⁸ ⁹¹ ⁹³} died on 2 Apr 1272 in Berkhamsetad Castle, Hertfordshire ^{³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁴} at age 63, and was buried in Hayles Abbey, Gloucestershire.^{³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁵} The cause of his death was Apoplectic siezure.

General Notes: Weir says died Berkhampstead Castle & buried Hayles Abbey.

Source: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman:

During Simon de Montfort's barons war, March 31, 1264 Londoners riot (London was very pro de Montfort), burn townhouses of the hated William de Lusignan, also prominent Royalist Lord Philip Basset, also Richard of Cornwall's Westminster manor, & his beloved Isleworth manor 7 miles away. Richard overnight goes from trying to mediate a solution to, like Edward, ardently desiring a battlefield confrontation. Richard was not popular with his brother Henry III's subjects as he was intelligent, pragmatic, had business acumen, & a lack of rancor; these qualities were disdained in favor of reckless courage, battlefield prowess, & open-handed generosity, which was expected of Lords. Richard's courage was never suspect; but he was not an innovative nor brilliant military commander. At Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, Richard commanded the left flank of the Royalist forces. After Prince Edward left the battle to pursue with unwholesome savagery the rebel Londoner flank of Montfort's forces, Montfort, keeping a reserve force (a tactic unheard of) came in & attacked Henry & obliterated his force; Henry fleed to the priory. Gilbert de Clare's center column forces met Richard's & took the day. Richard with his son Edmund fled into a windmill. When de Clare's forces captured the, they jeered "come out king of the millers". John Giffard's squire was the one who officially accepted Richard's royal surrender, adding to Richard's discomposure (that he had surrendered to a squire rather than a knight). Upon his presentation to Simon de Montfort, Simon made the lad, John Befs of Tewkesbury, a knight.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: Intelligent, pragmatic, had business acumen, a lack of rancor. Reddish hair & fair complected. Near sighted. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Personality: Known for his studied, analytical & shrewd competence. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Title: Earl of Cornwall, 30 May 1227. ⁶ ⁸⁸ Renounced the County of Poitou ca Dec 1243.

• Title: Elected King of the Romans and King of Germany (Almaine)., 13 Jan 1257. ³ ⁶ ⁶⁶ ⁹⁴

• Family: Peacemaker between Henry & Prince Edward, Henry's son., 23 Apr 1260. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Personality: Never got over the murder of his son Henry by his Montfort nephews., Mar 1271. ⁶

Richard had a relationship with Jeanne de Valletort.¹ ³ ⁶ ⁹⁴ ⁹⁶ ⁹⁷ ¹ ³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁴ ⁹⁶ ⁹⁷

Their child was:

+ 62 M i. Sir Richard de Cornwall ¹ ³ ⁶ ⁹¹ ⁹³ ⁹⁴ ⁹⁷ died after 1280.^{¹ ⁶ ⁹¹ ⁹⁴}

Richard married Isabella Marshal Countess of Pembroke,² ³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁴ ¹²¹ ¹²² daughter of Sir William Marshal Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare Comtesse de Strigoil, on 13 Mar 1231 in Fawley Church, Buckinghamshire.² ³ ⁶ ⁹³ ⁹⁴ Isabella was born on 9 Oct 1200 in Pembroke Castle, Wales,^{⁶ ⁹⁴} died on 15 Jan 1240 in Berkhamsted Castle, Hertfordshire, England ^{⁶ ⁹⁴ ¹²¹} at age 39, and was buried in Beaulieu Abbey, Hampshire.^{⁶ ⁹⁴} The cause of her death was Jaundice contracted whilst in childbed. Another name for Isabella was Isabella Mareschal.³ ⁶ ⁶²

Richard next married Sanchia de Provence,¹¹⁹ daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence & Forcalquier and Beatrice de Savoie. Sanchia was born in 1228 and died in 1261 at age 33.

44. Henry III King of England ¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁸⁸ ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ (John I of England King of England³², Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Hampshire, England,^{¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ ¹⁰⁰} died on 16 Nov 1272 in Wesminster, Middlesex ^{³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ ¹⁰¹ ¹⁰²} at age 65, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England.^{¹ ⁶ ²³ ⁹⁹} Another name for Henry was Henry III Plantagenet King Of England.

General Notes: Source: British Monarchy Official Website:

Henry III (reigned 1216-1272), John's son, was only nine when he became king. By 1227, when he assumed power from his regent, order had been restored based on his acceptance of Magna Carta. However, the king's failed campaigns in France, his choice of foreigners as friends and advisers, together with the cost of his scheme to make one of his younger sons king of Sicily and help the Pope against the Holy Roman Emperor, led to further disputes with the barons and united opposition in Church and State. The Provisions of Oxford (1258) and the Provisions of Westminster (1259 were attempts by the nobles to curb the king's power, control appointments and set up an aristocratic council. Henry renounced the Provisions in 1264 and war broke out. The barons under their leader, Simon de Montfort, were initially successful, but Henry and his son, Edward, finally defeated and killed de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. Royal authority was restored by the Statute of Marlborough (1267), in which the king also promised to uphold Magna Carta and some of the Provisions of Westminster.

Source: Sharon Kay Penman "Falls the Shadow":

In April 1258, Henry's brother Richard of Cornwall sent 50 ships of grain from Germany (where Richard was chasing the elusive crown of Germany) to London to help alleviate the famine, Henry siezed the ships & tried to sell them at inflated prices. This enraged the general populace of London, Henry backed down but they remained bitter. After Henry reconciled with Prince Edward through the mediation of Richard of Cornwall (Henry thought Edward was plotting with Simon de Montfort), Henry attempted to try de Montfort on charges of perjery & "lesse-majeste". The Barons on the King's Council baulked & Louis IX was dismayed by Henry's bad faith, & sent the Archbishop of Rouen to defend de Montfort, Henry backed off. In June 1261 Henry borrows from his father John's tricks & gets the Pope to annul the Oxford Provisions, even as John did with the Magna Charta. The Barons nearly revolt over this, with even Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, siding with de Montfort. Later, de Clare defects from de Montfort & comes to a "private understanding" with Henry & de Montofrt's "common enterprise" unravels. Simon withdraws to France. In July 1262, Henry follows de Montfort into France & tries to have him arraigned before the French King, Louis IX, but the attempt fails. Simon returns to England April 1263, which most felt meant a precursor to war. May 1263 the de Montfort supporters meet & vow all are enemies who do not support the Provisions save the King & his family. Henry held fast, the barons' discontent flared into violence & Simon's supporter the Earl of Derby sacked the town of Worcester & burned the Jewry. May 1263 the young Earl of Gloucester led an Army west & captured the Bishop of Hereford, the most hated of the foreign advisors to Henry III then left after the expulsion of the de Lusignans. He threw the Bishop into prison, laid siege to the royal castle at Gloucester, where de Montfort assumed command. The army then went north to Bridgenorth, where they coordinated their attack with Llywelyn ap Gruffydd; the twon & castle surrendered. de Montfort then headed south for London, where a panicked Henry took refuge in the Tower. In June 1263 Prince Edward's foreign Flemish troops burned Bristol; the populace rose up & besieged him & his army in the castle. The Bishop of Worcester placated the townsfolk by taking Edward's pladge to make peace with de Montfort & the barons (which Edward had no intention of honoring his pledge). In October 1263 Richard Duke of Cornwall (Henry's brother) son Henry defected to Montfort. Simon received a triumphal entry into London July 1263 & Henry capitulated at the Tower of London on July 13, 1263.

Reigned 1216-1272. A minor when he took the throne he did not take the reigns of Government himself until 1234. Baronian discontent simmered, boiling over in 1258 when Henry facing financial disaster attempted to raise large sums from his magnates. Reforms were agreed upon but then renouced by Henry. Simon de Montford lead a rebellion against the King (the Barons Wars) which was defeated after initial success, thereafter Hnery ceeded much of his power to his son. Henry III ran afoul of his barons (again) when he requested a large amount of money to aid him in putting down Gaston de Béarn's 2nd rebellion in Gascony, saying that de Béarn's ally St. Ferdinand III King of Castile was going to invade Gascony, but just as he said this, Simon de Montfort returned to England & told the barons that Henry was actually negotiating with the St. Ferdinand III to marry his daughter Eleanor to Henry's son Crown Prince Edward "Longshanks" (de Montfort's commetns were true). At this point, with Henry's many debacles, his lack of resolve & constancy, the reforms were going to be made with or without his participation.

Source: "Falls the Shadow" Sharon Kay Penman: William the Conqueror requested a large number of Jews to move to England after his conquest. They spoke Norman & did well under his reign. They continued to thrive under William's grandson Henry II. When Richard was coronated, he did so "in a bath of Jewish blood." John merely taxed them very heavily, "bled them white". The Jews did the worst of all under the pious Henry III as during his reign the church felt threatened by violence, war, schism & heresy. The church encouraged Jewish pogroms & spread rumors of grisly rituals & murders committed by Jews. Henry, as a faithful son of the church, did nothing to restrain it.

Noted events in his life were:

• Personality: Kind but capricious, urbane, pious, loved pageantry, sensitive to slights. He had reddish hair and was fair complected, middle height. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Political: Captured by baronial party under Montfort, but restored by son Edward, 1265. ³ ⁶

• Transfer of Power: After the Baron War, Henry ceeded much power to his son Edward Longshanks. ⁶

• Title: King of England, 28 Oct 1216 to 1272. ⁶ Took reigns of government 1234.

• Political: Defeated resoundingly by Louis IX in the ill fated Gascony campaign, 1242. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Political: Gascony debacle followed by inept & catastrophic Welsh campaign, Aug 1245. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Political: Baronial discontent simmered in 1258 when he tried to raise large sums of money, 1258. ⁶

Henry married Eleanor de Provence,³ ⁵ ⁶ ⁵⁴ ⁵⁵ ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ ¹⁰⁴ ¹²³ ¹²⁴ daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence & Forcalquier and Beatrice de Savoie, on 24 Jan 1237 in Canterbury Cathedral, Kent, England.³ ⁵ ²² ⁵⁵ ⁵⁹ ⁹⁸ ⁹⁹ ¹⁰⁰ ¹⁰³ ¹⁰⁴ Eleanor was born in 1222 in Aix-En-Provence, France,^{¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁹⁸ ¹⁰⁰ ¹²⁵} died on 26 Jun 1291 in Amesbury, England ^{³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ⁹⁸ ¹⁰⁰ ¹²⁶} at age 69, and was buried in Convent Church, Amesbury, England.^⁶

Noted events in their marriage were:

• Alt. Marriage: 14 Jan 1236. ⁹⁹

Noted events in her life were:

• Fact: Rescued by Henry's enemy Thomas FitzThomas, Mayor of London. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Personality: Hated by the commoners for her lavish tastes & French patronage. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Personality: Most unpopular Queen since the days of the Conqueror. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Personality: Well educated, high spirited, pretty. Not very popular w/ barons. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Religion: After King Henry died she took the veil at Amesbury. ⁶

• Assension: Queen of England, 20 Jan 1236, Westminster Abbey, London, England.

• Fact: Attacked by mob as she attempted to escape London up the Thames, Jul 1263. ⁶ ⁸⁹

• Political: After Henry's defeat at Lewes, tried to organize an army to invade from Flanders, Nov 1264. ⁶

Children from this marriage were:

+ 63 M i. Edward I "Longshanks" King of England ¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²³ ⁵⁵ ⁹⁸ ¹²⁷ ¹²⁸ ¹²⁹ ¹³⁰ ¹³¹ was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England,^{¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ²³ ⁹⁸ ¹²⁸ ¹²⁹} died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-On-The-Sands, Near Carlisle, Cumberland, England ^{¹ ³ ⁵ ⁶ ²² ²³ ⁹⁸ ¹²⁵ ¹²⁸ ¹²⁹ ¹³⁰} at age 68, and was buried on 28 Oct 1307 in Westminster Abbey, London, England.^{¹ ⁶ ²³}

+ 64 M ii. Edmund Plantagenet Earl of Lancaster ³ ⁵ ⁶ ⁵⁴ ⁹⁸ ¹³⁶ ¹³⁷ ¹³⁸ ¹³⁹ was born on 16 Jan 1245 in London, England,^{⁵ ⁶ ⁹⁸ ¹³⁸ ¹⁴⁰} died in 1296 in Bayonne, France ^{⁵ ⁶ ⁹⁸ ¹²⁵ ¹³⁸ ¹⁴⁰} at age 51, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England.^⁶

+ 65 F iii. Princess Margaret Plantagenet was born in 1240 and died in 1275 at age 35.

66 F iv. Beatrice Plantagenet .

67 F v. Katherine Plantagenet .

47. Stephen Longespée Earl of Ulster ² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸ ⁷⁹ ¹⁰⁵ (William Longespée Earl of Salisbury³³, Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born in 1216 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England,^{³ ⁶ ⁷⁹} died in 1260 in Sutton, Northamptonshire ^{² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁹ ¹⁰⁷} at age 44, and was buried in Lacock, Wiltshire, England.^⁶

Noted events in his life were:

• Titles: Justicar of Ireland. Earl of Ulster via his wife's 1st husband. ³ ⁶ ⁷⁹

• Title: Seneschal of Gascony. ³ ⁶ ⁷⁹

Stephen married Emmeline de Riddlesford of Ulster,³ ³⁰ ⁶⁴ daughter of Sir Walter de Riddlesford II, Baron de Bray and Annora, between 1243 and 1244.² ³ ⁶ ⁷⁸ ⁷⁹ ¹⁰⁸ ¹⁰⁹ Emmeline was born Btw 1220 and 1223 ^{³ ⁶⁴ ¹⁴¹} and died Btw 1275 and 1276 ^{² ³ ³⁰ ⁶⁴ ¹⁴¹} at age 55.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 68 F i. Emmeline Longespée ² ³ ⁵ ⁶⁴ ⁷⁹ ¹⁰⁸ ¹⁴² was born in 1250 in Ulster, Ireland & Sutton, Northamptonshire ^{⁵ ⁶⁴ ¹⁴²} and died in 1291 ^{⁵ ⁶⁴ ¹⁴²} at age 41.

48. Ida Longespée ² ³ ⁵ ⁶⁴ ¹¹⁰ (William Longespée Earl of Salisbury³³, Henry II King of England¹⁶, Emperess Matilda Queen of England⁹, Henry I King of England³, William King of England¹) was born in 1222 in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England ^⁶⁴ and died in 1269 ^{⁶⁴ ¹¹⁰} at age 47.

Ida married William de Beauchamp Baron of Bedford,⁶⁴ ¹¹⁰ ¹⁴³ ¹⁴⁴ son of Simon de Beauchamp, in 1229.² ⁵ ⁶ ¹¹⁰ William was born in 1187 in Essex, England ^⁶⁴ and died in 1262 ^{² ⁶⁴} at age 75.

The child from this marriage was:

+ 69 F i. Beatrix de Beauchamp ⁶⁴ ¹⁴⁵ was born in 1238 in Essex, England ^⁶⁴ and died in 1280 ^{⁵ ⁶⁴} at age 42.